This standard describes a method for determining the impact of light on colors in textile materials of all kinds.

Textile materials are exposed to varying degrees of light damage, both visible light and UV light. By testing the color fastness to light, one can quickly check if the wrong dyes have been used. Testing at an early stage can help avoid complaints.

Exposure is performed in an apparatus producing artificial light corresponding to sunlight through window glass.

The most common way to assess color fastness is to expose reference fabrics with known color fastness in parallel with the test material.  These fabrics are graded from 1 to 8 where 8 is the best. 

The result of the exposure is the reference number (1-8) whose color change corresponds to the color change of the test material.

Alternatively, one can expose a known sample i parallel with the test material and assess wheather the test material is equally good. A

It is also possible to expose a certain time or amount of light and evaluate the color change against a grayscale with a scale from 1 to 5 where 5 is the best.

One report in Swedish or English with obtained results.

Delivery time depends on desired exposure time” in English 

Exposure till class 5 takes about 8 days. The exact delivery time is specified i the order confirmation that is sent after reception of the order and sample material.

SS-EN ISO 105-B02

SS-EN ISO 105 A01

SS-EN ISO 105 A02

Thermal runaway is a stage of rapid self-heating of the battery cell that in the worst case can result in a fire or explosion. Abuse testing of batteries causes thermal runaway and is tested for product development purposes or product approvals in an open or closed reactor.

Our unique pressure vessel offers a cost efficient and quick method to evaluate temperatures, pressure, flow, particles, elemental analysis, total hydrocarbons (THC) and gases released by batteries. It allows battery cells and battery assemblies to be safely tested to gather information needed to assess thermal propagation.

If requested, our vessel can be utilized to obtain UL 9540a approval for your product. This method was designed by UL to evaluate the fire characteristics of a battery energy storage system that undergoes thermal runaway. More information about this test standard can be found on UL's website.

The method for determining the total volume of battery gas produced and the composition of those gases. Maximum pressure in the vessel is recorded as well as temperature and voltage for the tested object. 

The sample is placed inside the reactor and then abused until it goes into thermal runaway. Typically, a heating pad or nail penetration device is used. 

Gas volume

In the closed reactor the maximum pressure and temperature can be used to measure the total volume of gas released by the battery.

For the open reactor a calibrated flow tube with a differential pressure meter and thermocouples are used to calculate the total volume and the mass flow of gas produced by the battery. 

Gas composition

The gas samples are analyzed by FID to measure the THC and Gas Chromatography (GC) to analyze O₂, CO, CO₂, H₂, CH₄, C₂H₄, C₂H₆, C₃H₆, C₃H₈.

Particle size distribution

Particle size distribution can be used for both open and closed reactor by differential low-pressure impactor (DLPI) and measure particles in the range of 0.03 to 15 µm. 

For the open reactor DLPI is attached after the flow tube and the particles in the flow are caught. For the closed reactor ashes are collected from the reactor after the test and blown through a pipe with a constant flow to simulate a ventilation of a battery. The DLPI is attached to the pipe to analyze the particles.

Elemental analysis

The particles from the DLPI and ashes can be analyzed with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Induction coupled plasma for elemental analysis and ion chromatography (IC) can be used to analyze the total fluoride content in particles. 

If you have any questions or want more information about the battery abuse tests in a reactor, please contact us by reaching out to our contact person below or fill in the application. 

Raw data for the measurements.

A test report presenting the outcomes of the offered tests, including results from the chemical analysis of gas sampling.

Product approval by UL (optional).

Normally 2-3 weeks after delivery of the test object.

The following information should be prepared:

• Purpose of the tests, e.g. product development or approval in accordance with UL 9540a.
• Description of the device under test (DUT)
• Chemistry of the DUT, e.g. NMC or LFP
• Capacity of the DUT, i.e. voltage and electric charge (Ah)
• Dimensions or technical drawing of the test object
• If and how the DUT should be charged.

Custom tests for product development purposes.

UL 9540a

It is important that the textiles on the market are free of harmful and regulated substances. Chemical analysis is a way to gain control over the products' chemical content.

Tributyltin, dibutyltin and dioctyltin compounds are different chemical substances that are toxic and dangerous to environment because they are bioaccumulative and persistent. Organic tin is also both toxic and known endocrine system disrupters. Organotin compounds can be used in consumer products as stabilizers and catalysts in PVC and PU. You can also find them in coated or foamed materials and in laminates. Organotin compounds are regulated according to REACH.

We can help you interpret the legal requirements in REACH and POPs and propose appropriate analysis.

OEKO-TEX standard 201 "M-17 & ML-17 – organic tin compounds" are primarily used SS-EN ISO 22744-1:2020 can be requested. The methods are adapted to textiles, coated and foamed materials (PUR, PVC print (plastisol)), silicone and fluorocarbon treated materials, laminates (2 or 3 layers), softshell articles and cotton as well as for leather materials.

Written report in Swedish or English

After order and arrival of sample material - normal delivery time 10 working days

M-17 & ML-17 – organic tin compounds

SS-EN ISO 22744-1:2020 by request

By simultaneous assessment of calorimetric (energy flows) and gravimetric (mass changes) measurements we can characterize the response of a material when heated or exposed to different gases.  With our 'Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer' (STA F3 Jupiter) we conduct simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and can therefore study phase transitions, decomposition, pyrolysis or oxidation. The instrument can handle large samples which is beneficial for heterogeneous materials.

To characterize a material’s phase changes, composition and/or enthalpy at high temperatures and the time/temperature of these events

The methods and standards used depend on the material being tested and the requested assessment. Often also conduct tailored scans over the relevant temperature range to analyse the reaction. Our STA measures from 20 ° C to 1650 ° C in a controlled atmosphere of either oxygen/nitrogen mix or other gases on request. The temperature program can follow standards or be developed as needed. We can measure extra-large samples, up to several grams.

Specific Areas

TGA

• Activation energy
• Mass change
• Composition analysis of material, e.g., rubbers
• Pyrolysis and oxidation temperature
• Etc.

DSC

• Reactions
• Enthalpy
• Phase transitions
• Melting point
• Specific heat capacity
• Etc.

After measurement, all results are obtained in a data file and a report summarizing the measurements and the most important results.

1-2 week2 after the material has arrived at RISE

All preparations take place at RISE.

delivery address:

RISE Research Institute of Sweden AB

Att: Hasan Sokoti

Brinellgatan 4

House 3, Gate H

504 62 Borås, Sweden

Different standards depending on materials and wishes

To ensure that safety demands are fullfiled in transport of dangerous goods a serie of international regulations has been created. This regulates the need of approved packages and containers. We test, approve and assure quality for packages, containers and other transport devices to be used for transportation of dangerous goods.

Testing is performed in alignment with international regulations and therefor our test results is valid world wide. The purpose of the package is to protect the transported gods during transport. Throught our flexible ways of working we offer a variation of tests according to different standards within the area. We also perform yearly inspections in factory production control witch makes it possible to follow up on results and contribut to ”continuous improvements” of packages.

We offer IBC-courses a couple of time per year, posting dates at ri.se/education.

Testing is performed in our laboratorium in appliance with standards and regulations. In cases where there are no applicable standard we offer customized testing based on a selection of standards.

For example we test loading pallets, loading bags (not for dangerous gods), flexible containers for liquid and testing in accordance to ASTM.

Testing can include:

• Fall testing (resistance agains impact and hit)
• Stack testing (resistance and stability with static loads)
• Preassure testing (resistance agains inner preassure, only for licuid substances)
• Density testing (liquids)
• Vibration testing (IBC-containers)
• Customized additional testing, pretreatment and analysis 

The work include both accredited and non-accredited testing methods. The scope of accreditation is available upon request – please feel free to contact us for more information.

After finished testing we deliver a test report that account for the result. We offer a so called P-marking for flexible containers (certification according to SPCR 131). If a certificat is needed, RISE can provide an agreement for SPCR 59.

ADR/ADR-S

RID/RID-S

IMDG-koden

ICAO/TI

EN recommendation for transport of dangerous gods

To ensure that a choice of material is correct throughout the temperature range of the product, it can be important to know the thermal expansion. With our equipment we can measure the thermal expansion and calculate the coefficient of thermal expansion on materials or entire systems.

To perform accurate simulations and calculations on products to be used at higher temperatures, it is important to know the thermal expansion coefficient. Our equipment at RISE can measure the thermal expansion of solid materials and systems.

Our equipment consists of a specially manufactured furnace, in which the test piece is placed. The temperature is measured in the furnace and on the surface of the test piece. Glass rods with a known coefficient of thermal expansion that are connected to resistive position sensors are placed in 3 different places on the test piece, as well as on the floor. When the furnace and the test piece are heated, the position sensors register the total expansion. The thermal expansion of the glass rods and the floor is compensated to obtain the thermal expansion of the test piece. From the thermal expansion at different temperatures, the coefficient of thermal expansion can be calculated.

Delivery takes place in the form of results and a report where significant data is presented.

Sampling can take a long time, up to a week, depending on the size of the samples. Test results can be obtained 2 weeks after the test material has been delivered to RISE and the report 3 weeks after the test has been performed.

The test pieces must meet the geometric requirements of our equipment. This can be done by the customer or the samples are prepared at RISE.

Does not follow a specific standard, each test method is determined in collaboration with the customer.

Some textiles are given an enhanced product performance by adding a soil- and oil-repellent treatment to its functional surfaces.
Water and oil repellent properties of surfaces improve its weather resistance, make them easier to clean, which can reduce maintenance costs and extend its original appearance

At our Textile Laboratory we can offer testing of soil- and oil repellent properties.
The method applies to testing of most types of fabrics, including fabrics in technical use, nonwoven and ready-to-wear articles.
The method is not intended to measure the resistance to penetration of chemicals.

The method aims to analyse the oil- and soil repellent ability of fabrics.

For materials that should have a soil- and oil repellent surface, this method is a guide for assessing the suitability of materials for its intended application. The higher the grade, the better the material resists soil- and oil substances.
The method can also be used to compare various soil- and oil repellent treatments as well as provide information on the persistence of such treatment after, for example, washing.

5 drops of the respective standard test liquid, consisting of a selected series of hydrocarbons with different surface tensions, are placed on the surface of the test material. There are 8 standard test liquids and should be applied in the order 1-8. No. 1 has the lowest surface tension and No. 8 has the highest.
The drops  are observed at 45º angle for 30 s with respect to absorption, wicking and contact angle.
The material's soil- and oil repellency is graded as the highest numbered test liquid that is not absorbed by the test material surface within 30 seconds.

A report in Swedish or English with the received results.

Normal delivery time is 5-10 working days. A more accurate delivery time is stated in the order confirmation which is sent after received order and test material.

At least 2 test specimens are required.

SS-EN ISO 14419

SS-EN ISO 6330

SS-EN ISO 15797

To be successful in the US market, boilers and stoves must be tested and certified in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60 standard of performance, issued by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). RISE is one of th few test labs in Europe that are accredited and approved by EPA to perform these tests and certifications.

Since 2017, RISE has been approved by EPA as an independent test lab and third-party certifier for wood and pellet-burning boilers and stoves for houses (residential heaters) and can help fulfill emission allowances in the USA. The combustion lab in Borås, Sweden, has many years of knowledge and experience with testing of boilers and stoves according to numerous different Swedish, European and US standards. RISE issues certificates with these tests as a foundation. Our long experience combined with our number of facilities and wide spectra of technologies is the reason. In 2020, emission requirements was tightened and reduced to 2.0 g of particles per hour for wood-burning stoves and 0.10 lb/mmBtu for boilers.

The combustion laboratory in Borås,Sweden at RISE is accredited and has many years of experience in testing, evaluation and certification of small-scale combustion equipment. Our long experience together with our broad range of expertise within RISE makes our customers trust us not only as a test supplier and certifier, but also as a business partner and adviser.

RISE offers testing and certification of wood-burning boilers, wood-burning stoves, pellet-burning boilers and pellet-burning stoves according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regulations NSPS 40 CFR Part 60. This allows our customers to supply their equipment with USEPA certificates to the US market.

The test results are delivered in the form of a report in Swedish or English where all measurement results, manuals, drawings etc. are presented. Certificates are delivered in English for international acceptance.

According to the offer

Send documentation on product to be tested (drawing, manual and component list, etc.). Customers can optionally deliver fuel within the framework of the standard.

40 CFR Part 60 Natural Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

ASTM E2515-11 Particulate Matter Emissions

ASTM E2618-13 Solid Fuel-Fired Hydronic Heating Appliances

Test methid 28r

EPA method 28WHH Solid Fuel-Fired Hydronic Heating Appliances

ASTM 2779-10 Determining particulate matter emissions from pellet heaters

ASTM 2780-10 Determining particulate matter emissions from wood heaters

RISE can offer internal pressure testing according to different standards or testing customized according to the client’s needs. The pump system available at RISE has a capacity of 2000 bar.

Pressurized components can cause great damage if not designed correctly. Adequate safety margins are thus of great importance to minimize risks. At the Department of Applied Mechanics, test objects filled with water can be pressurized until reaching burst. It is also possible to conduct leakage tests by pressurizing test objects with a specified pressure and time duration. The aim is to ensure that no leakage occurs during testing.

Most test objects, with a few exceptions, are filled with water to reduce stored energy during pressurization. We can produce tailor-made solutions onsite, including adapters and plugs, to enable customized testing.

As a client, you will receive a digitally signed technical report presented in Swedish or English.

Challenge testing is used for the practical assessment of growth, survival or reduction of relevant, pathogen or spoilage microorganisms when added to the actual product. It is an important tool when developing a new product or changning recipe.

Why use a challengetest?
Sometimes it is desirable or necessary to verify a theoretical assessment of growth, survival or inhibition of microorganisms by performing a practical challengetest. The test can be used to assess if the product is safe with regard to inhibition of growth from a pathogen or to the spoilage flora to be able to say if the product has the expected shelf life.
 

It is possible to evaluate what happens when preservatives are added and/or the product is stored in different temperatures, maybe in combination with a specific packaging technique.

How the test is done?
Microorganisms are carefully selected having a relevant origin and prehistory for the purpose of test to be done. The preferred pathogen or spoilage bacteria, yeast ond or mould are added to the product and the inoculated samples are stored under well defined temperature conditions before analysed at relevant time intervals. The challengetests are normally performed in the actual product, but sometimes it is more convinient to use a food model instead, mimicking the food composition.

Examples of challenge tests perfomed in our lab:
• Listeria monocytogenes in cold smoked salmon
• Clostridium botulinum in sausage batter after heat treatment
• Debaromyces, Zygosaccharomyces, Penicillium and Aspergillus in cold sauces, beverages
Effect from nitrite, NaCl, pH-value, sorbate, benzoate, lactate, protective cultures and MAP have been tested separately or in combination.

A challenge test is used to confirm or strengenth the result from a theoretical microbial risk assessment to secure the production of microbiologically shelf stable and safe food.